The findings show that discussions with parents about environmental issues and learning information related to environmental issues at school are positively associated with environmental awareness and the willingness to act (see Figure 1). However, the effect of discussion with parents about environmental issues on environmental awareness is greater than that of learning about environmental issues at school, and vice versa for the willingness to act. We also found that environmental awareness positively affects eco-surplus behavior among students willing to participate in (...) activities protecting the environment and saving resources. For students not willing to participate in activities protecting the environment and saving resources, environmental awareness has a negative effect on eco-surplus behavior. (shrink)